Instruments of ratification or accession are formal documents through which a country expresses its consent to be bound by an international convention or treaty. These instruments are typically submitted to the depositary of the treaty, who is responsible for receiving and recording them. The exact format and requirements for instruments of ratification or accession may vary depending on the specific treaty and its provisions. However, here is a general outline of the key elements commonly included:
- Title and Preamble: The instrument should clearly state its purpose as a ratification or accession to a specific treaty, including the full title and reference of the treaty.
- Country Information: The instrument should provide detailed information about the country submitting it, including the official name of the state, its government authority responsible for international relations, and contact information such as address, telephone, and email.
- Consent to be Bound: The instrument should clearly and unequivocally express the country’s consent to be bound by the treaty. For ratification, this would indicate that the country has completed its internal legal procedures and is now bound by the treaty. For accession, this signifies that the country wishes to become a party to the treaty.
- Obligations and Reservations: The instrument may include any specific reservations, declarations, understandings, or interpretations that the country wishes to make in relation to the treaty. These should be clearly stated and not contradict the object and purpose of the treaty.
- Signature and Authentication: The instrument should be signed by an authorized representative of the country, such as the head of state, head of government, or foreign minister. It may also require the official seal or stamp of the country to authenticate the document.
- Date and Place of Deposit: The instrument should indicate the date on which it is signed and specify the place where it is deposited, typically the office of the depositary or an authorized diplomatic mission of the depositary.
- Notification: The instrument may include a provision for the depositary to notify the other parties to the treaty of the country’s ratification or accession, thereby officially confirming the country’s membership in the treaty.
It’s important to note that the specific requirements and procedures for submitting instruments of ratification or accession may differ among different international conventions. It is advisable for countries to consult the specific treaty’s text, relevant international organizations, or legal advisors to ensure compliance with the applicable requirements.